The street doesn’t adopt pets

The street doesn't adopt pets, that is what I tell myself when I see some animals wandering around the streets, in the case of our city the most of these poor animals are dogs that for some reason ended In that way. I am against of this situation, not only because it brings a bad aspect for the city, but also those dogs deserve a better life like any other animal, maybe they can ‘t get an owner, but shelter and food are essential things that they should have, so a program to help them to satisfy those eeds would be awesome and Is something that I hope become real as soon as possible.First, though It Is true that many mongrels were born In the streets and get angry or act In an aggressive way with humans, this Is not a reason to leave them alone, living a dangerous life, because the cycle Is going to repeat over and over, and that Is not a choice, so one solution Is to take them to temporary homes while they are puppies. second, some people believes that the best way to end with this problem would be creating campaigns to kill these poor animals.Although there may e lower dogs wandering around than before, this is not even an option to take in consideration, because killing animals is a crime according to the law, and also killing an animal that could be considered like a pet is an indignant act. Finally, in spite of the fact that the cost of keeping dogs in shelters with food and water is just too costly, the price paid for leave this situation in the same way in the long term is even higher. An example of this would be the increase of attacks of mad dogs due to the great population of mongrels starving in the streets.To conclude, I'd like to talk about a group called ADA (Association in Defence of Animals) who look after the care and treatment of these helpless animals, so then taking them to temporary homes until they can be adopted. I admire the great devotion that this group of people put in each case, as an example, I could talk about the day when I knew about their work. It was the last month when I was with my dog in its veterinarian, these guys entered with a dog in a very bad state and ask to the doctor to give him an immediate treatment.

Scientifc Method Lab 1

3/22/2013 Lab 1- The scientific method In this lab I am learning about the steps of the scientific method and how it can be applied to daily life. In my first exercise I analyzed data presented to me in a table (table 2) on fish population in relation to the amount of dissolved oxygen ( ppm ) in the water. The patterns indicate that when more dissolved oxygen (ppm) is present in the water, the number of fish observed increases. In developing a hypothesis for this theory, I have decided that if the amount of dissolved oxygen (ppm) is added to the water, then more fish we be observed, than water without adding dissolved oxygen to the water.My approach would be to devise an experiment in which the amount of dissolved oxygen (ppm) can be changed in a controlled manner, then measure and record the changes. My independent variable would be the amount of dissolved oxygen (ppm) in the water, while the dependent variable would be the amount of fish present. The control I would use in this spe cific experiment would be the temperature of the water. I would graph this data using a bar graph because the results I am comparing are not representative in a continuous series, and doesn’t include dates, or days that samples are taken.The results are independent from each other. When presenting the data from table 2: Water Quality vs. fish Population, I would use a bar graph using the number of fish observed on the horizontal, and the amount of dissolved water (ppm) vertical. Such as in the graph presented in figure 4: Top speed for cars. The data presented in my graph would show that when higher amounts of dissolved oxygen (ppm) are present, the higher the quantities of fish are observed. In exercise 2 , I have determined that number 1,5 and 10 are testable, while 2,3,4,6,7, and 9 are not testable. . When a plant is placed on a window sill, it grows faster than when it is placed on a coffee table in the middle of the living room. Hypothesis: If the plant is placed on the window sill and getting more sunlight, then I will grow faster than the plant placed on the coffee table in the middle of the living room where it receives less sunlight. Null Hypothesis: If I place the plant on the window sill, it will grow at the same rate as the plant on the coffee table. My approach would be to create an experiment where the amount of sunlight can be changed in a ontrolled manner, then measure and record the results. The independent variable would be the amount of sunlight the plants are exposed to, while the dependent variable would be the amount of growth of the plants. My controls could be the amount of water given to each plant, the humidity, or the time of day, to name a few. I would collect my data by recording the amount of time each plant is exposed to sunlight, and measuring the amount of growth each day. The data would then be presented using a line graph, representing growth in height, by day, Day 1, day 2, day 3 and day 4. separate lines will represe nt each plant. One line with sun light and another line without sunlight. My data will then be taken and analyzed from the tests, documentation and recordings done daily. Then I would use the data to support or nullify the hypothesis. 5. When Sally eats healthy foods and exercises regularly, her blood pressure is lower than when she does not exercise and eats fatty foods. Hypothesis: If Sally eats healthy foods and exercises, then her blood pressure will be lower than if she does not exercise and eats fatty foods.Null hypothesis: If Sally eats healthy foods and exercises her blood pressure will be the same as if she does not exercise and eats fatty foods. My approach would be to record blood pressures for one week while not exercising and eating fatty foods. Then I would record blood pressures the following week while exercising and eating healthy food. The dependent variable will be blood pressure while the independent variable will be exercise, what kind of food eaten such as heal thy versus fatty.The control variable would be the intensity of exercise and the time of day eating the foods. I would collect my data by keeping a log of daily blood pressures. Also I would log the amount of exercise and what food is being eaten. In presenting the data I would use a graph showing the blood pressure trends. Analyzing the data with given results of the tests, and other support or nullify the hypothesis. 10. Ice cream melts faster on a warm summer day than on a cold winter day. Hypothesis: If it is a warm summer day then ice cream will melt faster than it would on a cold winter day.Null hypothesis: If ice cream melts on a warm summer day, then it will melt just as fast on a cold winter day. My approach would be to record the amount of time it takes for ice cream to melt on both warm summer days and on cold winter days. The dependent variable would be the amount of time it takes for ice cream to melt, while the independent variable would be the type of day, warm summer day, or cold winter day. The control would be the amount of ice cream and the type of ice cream.I would collect my data by recording the type of day and the amount of time it takes for the ice cream to melt. I would then present it by using a bar graph to compare. Analyzing the data is achieved by using all the data collected and either support or nullify the hypothesis. An example of using the scientific method to an everyday problem would be saving money on a utility bill. Unplugging all unused appliances and turning off lights when not in use to cut back on the bill. I could test this by using the scientific method and performing experiments to support or nullify my hypothesis.

Anxiety Among Patients Receiving Radiation Therapy

Anxiety Among Patients Receiving Radiation Therapy REVIEW OF LITERATURE The review of literature in a research report is a summary of current knowledge about a particular practice- problem. (Nancy (b) patients with a moderate level of treatment anxiety before radiation therapy reported no change; and (c) patients with low levels of anxiety reported significant increase. The study concludes that patients who were either low or high in state anxiety were also characterized by more anger or hostility than patients with moderate level of treatment anxiety. Hans Geinitz, FrankB (2003) conducted a study to evaluate fatigue 2.5ÂÂ  years after radiation treatment in patients with breast cancer and to assess its relation to pre- and immediate post-treatment fatigue values. Totally 41 patients were included in this study whose fatigue value was evaluated during the time of radiation therapy. Out of these 41 patients, 38 were alive and free of cancer 2.5ÂÂ  years after radiation therapies, received the Fatigue Assessment Questionnai re, a visual analog scale on fatigue intensity as well as on cancer-related distress scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Health Survey per mail. All 38 patients returned their questionnaires. The values were compared to pretreatment and immediate post-treatment levels. Cancer-related distress values correlated with the patient fatigue scores. Results showed that Patients with functional impairment had slightly higher fatigue values. Patients with pretreatment elevated fatigue, anxiety or depression levels were at high risk for chronic fatigue.

Business Research Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Research - Assignment Example e managers are expected to conduct the business research in order to gather some information regarding the functioning of the organization (Koufteros, Vonderembse and Jayaram, 2005). They also conduct the market research in order to determine the relevant information about the competitors in the international market and plan out strategies to make the organization perform well. Zikmund, 2009 has pointed that business research becomes increasingly essential for the companies to carry out a successful business. However, irrelevant information collected by the managers leads to an incorrect decision making procedure and the company would not be able to judge its market position. The research offers a scope to the researcher to understand the importance of collecting relevant information from the market. It also aims to make the researcher carry out a critical evaluation of the statement that whether information about a particular field reduces the uncertainty in business. Zikmund and Babin, 2009 suggests that only way to gather business related information is by conducting an overall survey on the market and analysing the data collected. In order to gather the relevant information, the business research has to be conducted by the managers in various fields because the decision making process within an organization is based on the data that is collected (Lambert, Leuz and Verrecchia, 2007). Business decisions are taken in each and every step of the business activities that are manufacturing, sales, operations, logistics, human resource management and marketing (Van Nieuwerburgh and Veldkamp, 2009). Based on the information collected related to the demand of a particular product in the market, the company can make decisions on the manufacturing and the sales activities. In case the demand for a product is high, the company can increase its production decision. Further, the inventory management for the future is also an important task that the managers need to undertake

Econometrics Asignmnet using E-VIEWS SOFTWARE Essay

Econometrics Asignmnet using E-VIEWS SOFTWARE - Essay Example The company can estimate the sales to be using a regression model. The sales depend on the variables mentioned such as the USA nominal GDP, USA unemployment rate and the PMI index. The report provides a correlation matrix and regression model with the data on the sales being regressed and the output analysed. The correlation matrix shows that the variable for sales is significantly correlated with the USA GDP nominal with a positive Pearson coefficient of .957 (which shows a very strong positive correlation). The other two variables are also correlated with the dependent variable (with PMI index being negatively correlated with the dependent variable while USA unemployment rate having a positive correlation) they are however not significant at 5% significance level. The results from the regression model show that the explanatory variables have a lot of impact on the dependent variable (Sales). The study established that approximately 95.91% of variation in the dependent variable (sal es) is explained by the three explanatory variables (USA nominal GDP, USA unemployment rate and the PMI index) in the model. According to Creswell (2003), regression analysis is a statistical tool that is usually utilized by many researchers to investigate the relationship that exists if any between two or more variables. The aim of the investigation is to find a causal effect relationship. Using the data, the researcher can assess the statistical significance of the relationships that have been estimated. The level of confidence that is to be established is that the estimated relationship is close to the actual relationship. Regression analysis has been in use for many years and it has increasingly been applied in various disciplines (Jankowicz, 2005). This study uses regression analysis to establish the relationship that exists between the actual sales made by 3M Company and the independent variables. Using a regression model, the company will find a viable way of determining its

In what way Antigone may inform us about the the war on terror, which Essay

In what way Antigone may inform us about the the war on terror, which the government of the United States is engaged in - Essay Example Antigone’s story could relate to the war on terrorism in multiple ways. In some way, Antigone and Polynices could be assumed the terrorists within the government of Thebes as presided over Creon. They chose to pursue some political goals that are not consistent with the wishes of the Creon. As such, they represented the enemy within. Creon had various options to handle the challenges brought about by the defiance of Antigone and the presumed disobedience of Polynices. However, his approach became inflexible as he was not willing to heed to the counsel of his own son and other people who had advised him to exercise some caution in handling the matter. It would be important to regard the various points of difference, which lead into the eventual tragedy of the kingdom of Thebes. Creon refused to heed to the counsel of the old seer who had warned him of the impeding tragedy. Some of the lessons about terrorism, which could be learnt from this tragedy relates to the approaches adopted. Usually, the method involved in handling terrorism determines the levels of success. It is important to consider some of the problems that relate to the matter of handling terrorism. In the context of the United States, it would be important to consider some of the issues that relate to the challenge of resolving terrorism. One of the problems of terrorism is that it operates within the system. The elements of terror in the society of Thebes were part and parcel of the establishment. Due to the insider element of terror, it is important to develop the most cautious approach that would settle the system. The tragedy in Thebes occurred because Creon refused could not reckon with his own vulnerability. It was essentially difficult to engage a system that was tied into his establishment. By destroying Antigone, Creon actually destroyed his own government. The events that followed the tragic demise of Antigone proved to be catastrophic

Investment Banking in 2008 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Investment Banking in 2008 - Essay Example This paper demonstrates the result of deregulatory measures initiated by the authorities of the United States in the decade of 1990s.The reason for such hype of the deregulatory measures has been primarily the universal bank model. The deregulatory measures allowed the investment banks to participate in the depository functions. The supporters of the deregulations believed that modern day clients preferred to do all of their business ranging from life insurance to commercial lending, from mergers and acquisition advisory to retirement planning, under one roof. And only a deregulated market could allow this to happen. Therefore, replacement of Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 (which prevented depository and brokerage functions) by the Gramm-Leach Bliley in 1999 opened a whole lot of opportunities for the bankers. With the approval to the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act in 1999, investment banks, insurance companies and commercial banks were equally placed in respect to the products and the markets. This led to the concentration of financial power in fewer hands and soon the investment banks were being absorbed by the commercial banks. The deviation led to the rise in pressure on investment banks to create return on equity compared to the universal banks like Duetsche Bank and as a result investment banks laid more emphasis on the traditional services like M&A, underwriting, sales and trading. Also, the intense competitive pressure led to the withdrawal of Net Capital rule. and SEC allowed unlimited and unregulated leverage (in way of debts) to their brokerage units which proved to be fatal in the long run. Remaining Competitive Against the Trend From the analysis of the case, it appears that Goldman Sachs (and also Morgan Stanley, if not others) could have surely remained competitive without increasing its leverage to boost its return on investment. In fact, Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley were honest enough at the outset and had written down the losses in residential mortgages and leveraged loans and tried to avoid the excessive exposure to the mortgage industry. But as Lehman Brothers declared bankruptcy, Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley faced increasing pressure from the investors as their profits eroded and return on equity subsided. Consequently, they decided to be the bank holding companies (under FED regulations) and initiate the depository functions which would allow them to play as commercial banks and have diversified banking operations apart from invest banking functions, which in turn would help them to stay competitive. Collapse of Lehman Brothers but Bear Stearns Saved For the purpose of bail out of Bear Sterns , Federal Reserve lent JP Morgan Chase $ 30 Billion out of which JP Morgan Chase agreed to assume responsibility for $ 1 Billion leaving the charge of other $ 29 Billion to the U.S. tax payers. But when the Lehman Brothers, which had almost 75% higher valuation of the assets (compared to Bear Sterns as on 30/11/2007) approached Federal Reserve they did not get the nod. The prime reason of such a decision by Fed is believed to be the political dominos. The decision makers hesitated to take another bail-out measure

Retailing story Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Retailing story - Essay Example Often, he could split the food and the couple became so discontent with his living conditions (Keding 33). This made the couple to buy a wooden bowl, which they used to serve the old man food. One day when the couple was just sitting, their little son began to gather some wood in the ground. When his father asked what he was doing, the son responded that he was creating a wooden bowl for his parents to use in the future. Immediately, the couple began to cry and were ashamed that they were treating their father so cruelly, and from that day they decided to treat their father right. The plot details The main characters of the story are the old man, his son and wife, and grandson. At the beginning of the story, the author uses these characters to communicate his intended message to his audience. Basically, the elderly character portrays the qualities of the disability and lack of power to perform his daily duties and responsibilities. The son and his wife are arrogant and disrespect the ir father. However, their grandson honour the experience of the older generation and this explains why he is making a wooden bucket for their parents to use when he grows up. The mentioned characters create a strong ground for readers to understand the things that elderly people go through. They are often discriminated and disrespected by the younger generation. This story is important to our culture in that, it teaches parents on how to bring up their children in an upright way. This is because children are likely to imitate their parents’ conducts. This story is significant since it helps parents to understand that if they disrespect their elderly parents, their children are more likely to treat them meanly when they become old. The story continues to be told because it addresses a major concern in the society. The story is a wake up call for parents to correct their actions so that children begin to emulate true role models. This story is often narrated to create insights on why parents should cherish being role models to their children. This story means a lot to me in that it helps me articulate the importance of respecting the elderly. It reminds me of how the elderly are subject to discrimination from the younger generation. Further, this story shows the benefits of respecting the elderly as, preserving respect for personal and future generations. Various theories have been advanced by different theorists such as Maria Montessori, Jean Piaget, and Lev Vygotsky (Calvert and Barbara, 22). Although their theories differ greatly, these theorists have a similar concept of learning and children development. They believe that learning and development occur when children interact with the people around them and the environment (Pinter 28). The theorists affirm that young children are active learners and they tend to imitate those around them. SECTION TWO Retelling the story Once upon time, they lived a very old man in a small who lived in disability, His eyes had become dim, his knees trembled, and his ears were dull of hearing. His life was difficult in that he could hardly hold a spoon when eating and often he could split the food on the table. His son and his wife were disgusted at his father’s conduct and they served him food in the earthenware bowl. The poor man underwent a lot because of his age and his inability to perform chore duties. One day, his trembling hands could not hold

Construction Legal Procedures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Construction Legal Procedures - Essay Example At the turn of 1983, the United Kingdom witnessed the surfacing of a radical Society of Construction Law. Thereafter, the European Society of Construction Law was established as an umbrella law governing the entire construction industry in the European continent (Comba, 2013, pp.302-310). The first and foremost is the time taken by the planning departments in processing the permits. Some of these departments may take very long time to give the feedback thus discouraging the investment approach of the construction works.(Nunnally, 2004)recommended a follow up on the progress of the processing of the permit in order to put more pressure on the planning departments to issue permits on time. Procedures associated with regulation, practises and legislation is too cumbersome and weary. These is because the government through its parliament make changes every time concerning the regulation and standards of the construction. This as a result lengthen the procedures associated with permit issuance.Construction permits are always subjected to various reforms and changes which have no proper definition hence not fully implemented. The reforms are always short-lived and before implementing the proposed rules and regulations, others will have come by thereby in the long run lengthening the process of permits(Nunnally, 2004) Another challenge conflict by the local residents and the community in general. The construction will not be granted permit to start the construction work when there are conflicts in the area of construction. This happens in most cases due to failure by the construction company to involve the local community in the project contract. Before any contract project commences, the community must understand well the benefits and impacts of the project in their lives. Involvement can be done through various channels such as communication through print media, meetings, and seminars among many others. When

Homosexuality Essay Example for Free

Homosexuality Essay Homosexuality within the church is a controversial matter that is threatening to break apart the over 20-century-old institution of the church. This paper sets out to demonstrate that, Homosexuality within the church and the society is a controversial matter that is yet to be resolved. With particular emphasis with the teachings of the Catholic tradition on Homosexuality, the paper seeks to analyze how Homosexuality has for the entire history of the Catholic tradition threatened to divide the church. The paper also will take a view of Homosexuality in today’s society in a bid to compare and contrast how modern society views on Homosexuality differ from the teachings of the church and the reasons behind the church’s rather conservative approach to the Homosexuality issue. The Catholic church was founded around 2nd century at a time when church and state were inseparable and the church yielded much influence over state affairs and governance. With particular reference to Roman empire, the Catholic church in Rome came to be so powerful that church law determined state’s laws and the papacy was responsible for the running of not only the church affairs, but also of the state affairs. So much was the influence of the Catholic Church leadership on state governance that, church leaders were powerful and revered because they could exert political and religious authority. The issue of Homosexuality within the Catholic Church is not new and as early as the 5th century, there is evidence to the fact that, the issue had come up often in church doctrine and it had been discussed at the highest level of the church. Homosexuality according to the Catholic tradition is evil and not permissible. Indeed, the Catholic tradition holds that those who engage in Homosexuality should be excommunicated from the church, a punishment that is not revertible and rarely does the church leadership give audience to those viewed to be disobedient to the Catholic stance on Homosexuality. According to Catholic tradition, a union between a man and a man or between a woman and a woman is seen and therefore, it is contravention to the church teachings. As a result of the position the church has maintained for centuries, the issue of Homosexuality in the church continues to elicit emotional debates and is currently one of the most controversial issues in the Catholic Church especially the Catholic Church in USA. Rather than amend the existing church doctrine, to reflect modern society, and particularly the newfound freedom amongst the youth in America, the church continues to make key amendments to its dogmatic teachings, which continue to depict the church as old-fashioned, insensitive and non-responsive to modernity. The number of youth attending church in the USA has been found to have declined by upto 30% in the past few decades. This is reflected by the fact that, there are fewer Americans willing to take up leadership positions in the church causing a major shortage of father, nuns, etc. in the church. Although Homosexuality as an issue is not solely to blame for the current standoff, it is evidently a contributing factor to the leadership crisis the church is facing and the inability of the church to attract young people to participate in church leadership. Their lax evidence and substantial research in the causes of the church’s conservative position, which inspite of being challenged by scholars in the church and the faithfuls has remained perpetually undeterred and continues to maintain the hard position it has taken for the past centuries. In sharp contrast to the position taken by the clergy, there is growing evidence that a gay culture is slowly gaining root amongst the clergy something, which is proving to be magnanimous and one of the latest scandal in the Catholic church . This has had an impact on values that the church has continued to teach including family values that the church bases as its key argument against ratification of Homosexuality within the church. Although it is hard to say for sure how many Catholic clergy are involved in Homosexuality, going by the number of those who come out in the open and defiantly state their support of Homosexuality, it is clear that there are significant numbers of clergy engaging in Homosexual practices, promoting Homosexuality as well as openly or silently advocating for Homosexuality . This has left the church leadership in a dilemma as it has become very difficult for a common ground to be struck between proponents and opponents of Homosexuality in the church. What started as deliberations to examine how the church could respond to Homosexuality and its growing influence in the face of organized homosexual groups, which started getting rights to marriage as well as other rights, guarding from discrimination has put the Catholic church especially in the USA at crossroads. As a result of the raging debate, the media sought to focus attention on the issue of Homosexuality and how the church was responding to it leading to numerous reports accusing cardinals in the USA of engaging in Homosexuality. This has further been complicated by the fact that whenever Homosexuality debate has come up, the issue of pedophilia has come up . This has further complicated the Homosexual debate in that it gives the Homosexual debate a negative image in the public given that pedophilia is a sensitive issue equitable to crime. Homosexuality in the Catholic Church is so complex that, the independence given to cardinals has made it virtually impossible even for victims of Homosexuality perpetrated by the clergy to successfully wage complaints. For instance, clergy collaborate with their superiors to perpetrate Homosexual behaviour to young boys and instead of such clergy being punished when the matter comes out in the open, it is often the victims and their families who suffer most. Indeed, in many cases, members of the church are more likely to quit church because the only way out is to avoid confrontation with the church. This has further been complicated by the fact that, the church has been rather unwilling to acknowledge that Homosexuality is a problem within the church something which means that whenever such accusations are raised against the church leadership, the church is less willing or not devoted to dealing with the problem of Homosexuality. In most cases, the ‘offenders’ receive light punishments such as transfer and rarely has any meaningful punishment been referred against clergy by the church. This indifference from the church leadership has continued to taint the church’s image especially considering that there is a general lack of understanding and appreciation of Homosexuality amongst church faithfuls. That the Catholic Church traditionally believes Homosexuality is a sin, is evidenced by the constant pleas and calls for repentance the church sends out to self-confessed Homosexuals. Indeed, there is a clear difference between Homosexuality as practiced in the church and Homosexuality as practiced in the society. The matter is further complicated by the fact that, traditional Catholic beliefs do not allow members of clergy to marry or engage in sexual intercourse leave alone Homosexuality. Therefore, Homosexuality in the church circles is viewed as clerical abuse and is treated as such. There is enough evidence towards the fact that, the church is willing to fight on and totally ban Homosexuality in the church and especially within the clergy. However, the church is faced with a dilemma in that, it does not support the concept of Homosexuality. As such, the church leadership is in a state of denial, which seeks to present the church as devoid of Homosexuality but at the same time, wants to fight incidences of Homosexuality if and when reported. Although in some cases those accused of Homosexuality have been forced to resign, such calls come from the faithful and tend to be grounded on threats of charges and not as a contradiction of traditional teachings or church dogma considering that the church is reluctant to acknowledge that even within its clergy the problem of Homosexuality is rife. Outside the US, resistance to Homosexuality in the church is higher compared to US where in some cases, some archdioceses have the leeway to choose whether to work with Homosexuals or not. This is bringing a new dimension into the Homosexuality debate in regard to celibacy and a call for further scholarly interpretation of celibacy as understood in the Catholic Church . It is not surprising that the issue of Homosexuality in the church has never been comprehensively dealt with despite the fact that, Homosexuality in the church has been practiced since the 1970s upto present and evidently with the knowledge of the church leadership . Another dimension that the Homosexuality debate has taken in the church is questioning of how effectively Homosexual clergy are capable of guiding the faithful. The fact that Homosexuality is still considered by many Catholics as sin and violation of their traditional beliefs brings a dilemma to the clergy who are Homosexuals and is a common cause of conflicts. This has led many to question the ability of those who violate church teachings to lead the faithfuls who hold different points of view on Homosexuality. Indeed, this has brought about an ethical dimension to the Homosexuality debate in the church. While the proponents of Homosexuality call for relaxation of traditional teachings on celibacy, opponents of Homosexuality call for chastity and upholding of traditional teachings on sexuality as handed down by generations . Evidently, Homosexuality in the church has started to take a new dimension, that of civil liberties and civil rights. In this regard, there are those who want to bring the human rights issue into the Homosexuality debate and look at the church’s stance on Homosexuality as a violation of civil liberties and civil rights. This dimension has been criticized due to the fact that, the church is an independent institution whose doctrine is out of state control and therefore, compelling the church to accept Homosexuality as an attempt to guarantee civil liberties and civil rights, has in the past failed to yield into results. Therefore, while some liberals view Homosexuality as an orientation and something to be left to the choice of an individual, others view the church and indeed the Christian faith as dominant when it comes to individual choices and therefore, this implies that once one accepts membership into the church, individualism is less important and collectivity is emphasized. If what is happening in other denominations such as Evangelicals and Anglicans is anything to go by, Homosexuality in the church will continue to be a contentious issue and the solution lies in the granting of independence to churches to make individual decisions on how to conduct the Homosexuality debate. Indeed, nothing has in the recent history of the church been so hard to strike a common position on, as has been with the case of Homosexuality. Efforts by the church to transform Homosexuals through methods such as therapy in form of Bible teachings, have failed and that too has been considered as interference in civil liberties and civil rights of individuals. Therefore, asking homosexuals to change their sexual orientation has greatly failed and it seems that the homosexuals are gaining ground in the church and are swelling in numbers. If current estimates of homosexuals in the church today are anything to go by, the Catholic Church may find it difficult to contain the ‘homosexual movement’ and it is the high time that a multidimensional approach to the Homosexual debate is adapted with an aim of bringing together conservatives and liberals to strike a common ground. Even the involvement of scriptural interpretation has failed to yield into meaningful results as different groups have interpreted the issue differently. Therefore, the Biblical standpoint has ceased to be what guides the debate on Homosexuality and the church and evidently civil rights and civil liberties dimension together with emotive dimension is what is taking prominence in the debate about Homosexuality in the church. In conclusion, the view of Homosexuality in the contemporary society is as controversial as it is the case in the church. However, since the moral standards in the contemporary society compared to the moral standards set by the church are significantly different, homosexuals have received insignificant resistance in the civil society than has been the case in the church. That modernity has influenced the way modern society has welcomed Homosexuality is for sure but the teachings of the church have failed to incorporate the views of the same society that it purports to serve. This has resulted into a conflict that persists between the church and the modern society something, which will be resolved when the church will amend its teachings to reflect the modern society standpoint. There is a need for more scholarly studies geared towards establishing a common ground between opponents and proponents of Homosexuality with a view of diffusing the standoff between those who support a more tolerant church position on Homosexuality and those who are opposed to a more inclusive position on Homosexuality in connection to the church. There is a need for the Catholic Church to review its training programs for clergies in a bid to deal with the problem of clergy engaging in abusive behaviour that has resulted into conflict of interest and lack of harmony in the church. It is no doubt that, the society expects the church to be a model in as far as moral standards are concerned, and therefore, when clergy are accused of engaging in Homosexuality, which is in the first place against the official position of the church, doubts arise about the church’s teachings on Homosexuality.

Elements of the Marketing Process

Elements of the Marketing Process 1.1 Explain the various elements of the marketing process. Marketing Kotler (2010) defines that Marketing is the social process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging products and value with others. Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners and society at large. (American Marketing Association, 2010) Customers Needs, Wants and Demands A successful business starts with knowing the customers. Customers are people who buy products and services from other people such as companies of one sort or another. The company may already know them as friends, neighbors and family but to develop the companys business, it is very important to know what the customers need or want. The needs, wants and demands help the marketers decide the products which they have to offer in the market. Needs Needs are easier to define but very according to social needs, physical needs, individual needs and other factors. The job of marketers is to understand the needs of the customers. Human needs are the basic requirements and include food clothing and shelter. Without these human cannot survive. The products which are under the needs category do not require push. By supplying more closely for the needs of customers, it is mostly successful for the companies which understand the reasons why the customers make the decisions such as what they buy and how they buy. (N.a, 2014) Examples of needs category products transportation sector Wants A difference is frequently made between needs and wants. The marketing concept is the attitude that business decisions should be based on what the consumer wants. (n.a, 2010). Wants are a step ahead of customers needs and also largely depend on the needs of the customers themselves. They are the form of human needs shaped by culture and individual personality (Class notes). For some customers, the wants are simple. On the other hand, other customers may be more specific in their wants. Examples of wants category products Car Demands A step ahead of wants is demands. When a customer wants something which is the best, and also the customer has the ability to buy it, then these wants are changed into demands. The main difference between wants and demands is customers desire. Example of demands category products – BMW Customers Satisfaction Customers satisfaction is a marketing term that relations how products or services supplied by a company meet a customers expectation. Customers satisfaction helps the companies to evaluate their ability in meeting customers needs and expectations effectively. (Zeithaml et al, 2009) Marketing Process The marketing process is the process of analyzing market opportunities, selecting target markets, developing the marketing mix, and managing the marketing effort. Target customers stand at the center of the marketing process. Various Elements of Marketing Process There are various kinds of elements under marketing process. They are – Situational Analysis Marketing Objectives Marketing Strategy Marketing Mix Implementation and Control. Situational Analysis The foundation of the marketing plan, which is known as a situational analysis includes many factors affecting on a business such as Swot analysis, Pestle analysis, Porters five forces and stakeholder analysis. Swot which stands for strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats is to create lists of all of the internal and external strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats to advise strategic planning decisions. Pestle which stands for political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental is to identify all of the various external factors that might affect a business. A situational analysis can lead the organization of better understanding the factors which will influence its future. (Lorette, 2014) Marketing Objectives The objective is the starting point of the marketing plan. Marketing objectives are goals for the organization which wants to be successful when encouraging its products or services to customers. They should always support the companys mission and goals. They are important because they can show how the company will benefit from marketing, training the employees and managing (Pendergrass, 2013). Every effective goals and objectives are defined by the SMART criteria. SMART stands for Specific Measurable Agreed and Attainable Relevant and Realistic Timetable (class notes) For example – to increase 50 students per month in 2014 to crop at least 70% well-trained students in 2016 Marketing Strategy A strategy is a long-term plan to achieve certain objectives. Therefore a marketing strategy is a marketing plan considered to achieve marketing objectives. STP marketing is a three- step approach to build a target marketing plan. S is for segmentation, T is for targeting and P for positioning (Kokemuller, n.d). Segmentation is essentially a brainstorming activity due to demographics, psychographics, lifestyle, belief and values, life stages, geography, behavior and benefit (Hanlon, 2013). Targeting allows companies to classify the market segments that fit the best with their products. Hanks,(2014) states that Positioning includes the development of a product that the selected target market segment views as unique when compared to similar products in the industry. Marketing Mix Marketing mix is the combination of seven variables under a companys control that can be worked to achieve marketing objectives. Marketing managers use this to produce the best response in the target market. It is important to understand that the marketing mix principles are manageable. (N.a ,2014) Marketing decisions generally fall into the following seven controllable categories named as 7Ps. Product Price Place Promotion People Process Physical Evidence Implementation and Control An effective strategic implementation can determine the outcome of marketing planning. The effectiveness of implementation may be improved by the management of the planning process by building promise and ownership of the plan and its implementation. (N.a, 2013) N.a (2008) states that Strategic Control is the last step of management process, consists of monitoring and evaluating the strategy management process as a whole to ensure that it is operating properly. The basic of control is ability to measure. It compares what should happen actually with what actually happened or is likely to happen. 1.2 Evaluate the benefits and costs of marketing orientation for a selected organization. Production Concept The production concept is a concept where goods are produced without taking into consideration the choices or tastes of the customers. (Manzoor, n.d) Product Concept The customers will prefer products that have better quality, performance, and features as opposite to a normal product in the product concept. This is truly related in some places such as electronics and mobile handsets. Selling Concept The selling concept in marketing is the concept that customers will not automatically buy something they automatically sold. Marketing Concept Riley (2012) defines that A marketing orientated approach means a business reacts to what customers want. The decisions taken are based around information about customers needs and wants, rather than what the business thinks is right for the customer. Most successful businesses take a market-oriented approach. Societal Marketing Concept According to Kotler (2013), Social Marketing is the design, implementation, and control of programs seeking to increase the acceptability of a social idea or practice in a target group. Benefits of Marketing Orientation for MIC Appreciation The promotion of the business can get the appreciation and attention of the targeted students and parents across a wide ranging or specific market. Profits From the market process, the organization can get many profits by improving the attractions of parents and students during marketing yield effects. Adaptability Due to students service or students affair center and students feedback system, the organization can know what happening, feelings, wanting are and what they want to change some services of the school such as rules and teaching methods. Costs of Marketing Orientation for MIC Cost If there are no effect returning, the cost of market research for daily, and weekly or yearly can be one of the disadvantages of marketing orientation. Feedback It is not actually sure or very hard to get effective advices and feedbacks from the targeted students. Time If there are any needs to fix for the organization, too much time will have to be spent for discussions, meetings and so on. References Kotler. P, (2010) what is marketing? How 10 Experts Define It, [Online]. Available at http://www.skylinetradeshowtips.com/what-is-marketing-how-10-experts-define-it/> [Accessed 11th November 2014] American Marketing Association, (2010) what is marketing? How 10 Experts Define It, [Online]. Available at http://www.skylinetradeshowtips.com/what-is-marketing-how-10-experts-define-it/> [Accessed 11th November 2014] N. a, (2014) Marketing Theory. [Online]. Available at http://bussineesscasestudies.co.uk/bussiness-theory/marketing/establishing-customer-needs.html#axzz3lqPnaASn> [Accessed 11th November 2014] N.a (2010) Marketing Principles of MIC, 2nd ed., BPP Learning Media Ltd: London. Zeithaml et al, (2009) Models and theories of customer satisfaction [Online]. Available at http://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/models-theories-of-customer-satisfaction-marketing-essay.php> [Accessed 11th November 2014] Lorette. K, (2014) a Situational Analysis of a Strategic Marketing Plan. [Online]. Available at http://smallbusiness.chron.com/situational-analysis-strategic-marketing-plan-1474.html> [Accessed 11th November 2014] Pendergrass. K, (2013) Marketing Objectives as SMART Goals and Part of the Marketing Plan. [Online]. Available at https://www.udemy.com/blog/marketing-objectives/> [Accessed 11th November 2014] Kokemuller. N, (n.d) what is STP marketing? [Online]. Available at http://yourbussiness.azcentral.com/stp-marketing-1769.html> [Accessed 11th November 2014] Hanlon. A, (2013) The Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning model. [Online]. Available at http://www.smartinsights.com/digital-marketing-strategy/customer-segmentation-targeting/segmentation-targeting-positioning-model/> [Accessed 11th November 2014] Hanks. G, (2014) what is STP marketing? [Online]. Available at http://www.ehow.com/info_8693419_stp-marketing.html> [Accessed 11th November 2014] N. a, (2014) what is the Marketing Mix? Description [Online]. Available at http://www.12manage.com/methods_marketing_mix.html> [Accessed 11th November 2014] N.a, (2013) Marketing Strategy Implementation and Control [Online]. Available at http://marketingnotesbook.blogspot.com/2013/01/blog-post.html?m=1> [ Accessed 11th November 2014] N. a, (2008) Strategic Implementation and Strategic Control [Online]. Available at http://managementinnovations.wordpress.com/2008/12/10/strategy-implementation-strategic-control/> [Accessed 11th November 2014] Manzoor. A (n.d) what is the production concept? [Online]. Available at http://science.blurtit.com/77774/what-is-the-production-concept> [Accessed 11th November 2014] Riley. J (2012) Marketing Orientation [Online]. Available at http://www.tutor2u.net/business/gcse/marketing_orientation.htm> [Accessed 11th November 2014] Kotler. P (2013) Social Marketing Concept [Online]. Available at http://www.enotesmba.com/2013/02/social-marketing-concept.html?m=1> [Accessed 11th November 2014]

Essay --

Background Somatoform disorders, as defined on Merriam-Webster.com states, â€Å"Any of a group of psychological disorders (as body dysmorphic disorder or hypochondriasis) marked by physical complaints for which no organic or physiological explanation is found and for which there is a strong likelihood that psychological factors are involved.† So what does this mean? Basically, somatoform disorders include mental factors that are often caused by physical symptoms, but no physical source or psychological cause. The symptoms therefore are imagined, but that does not bring light to the situation that it causes distress and can often be long-term (Kenny, 2011). The DSM-V, the Diagnostic and Statistical manual released in May of 2013 now classifies it as, â€Å"Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders.† This new name groups together many categories of disorders linked to somatoform disorders. Different disorders include; somatization, hypochondriasis, conversion, body dysmorphic and pain disorder (Kenny, 2011). DSM-V The DSM-V plays a huge role in the classification and treatment of somatoform disorders. It was not until this model that somatoform was not just one category, but had multiple sub-categories under it. With all of this being said, the DSM-V has gotten multiple hits of hard criticism that the new edition has a lack of scientific evidence for specific classifications, and unclear boundaries between every day stressors, and a classified â€Å"illness.† However, with constant progress, new information, new disorders and treatments, the DSM, no matter what version, will always take criticism for one thing or another (McCarron, 2013). Going back to the DSM-4, which is still used by many in the psychology world, classified somatization as needi... ... the patient complained about, they needed to avoid diagnostic procedures and surgeries unless previously indicated, and finally they had to refrain from making statements about their symptoms being, â€Å"all in their head† (Woolfolk, 2010). Conclusion In conclusion, somatoform disorders must be treated with caution. Upsetting a patient or even digging too far to find information or a cause of a disease could potentially make the patient even worse. Those professionals using the DSM-V on a regular basis must be aware the changes and the progression the DSM will continue to make. Different symptoms may include pain, gastrointestinal complaints, sexual symptoms and neurological problems. Different disorders include somatization, hypochondriasis, conversion, body dysmorphic disorder, pseudocyesis, and both pain and undifferentiated somatization in conjunction with PTSD.

The Israeli and Turkish Relationship Essay -- Diplomacy

Relationship between Turkey and Israel has been characterized with times of cooperation but also tension. It is a story that provides for interesting political episodes. Its history includes important trade and political interests bringing both sides’ benefits and, more recently, a rapid fall in their wide-ranging cooperation, bringing many disagreements which are yet to be resolved. Turkey was the first country with a prevailing Muslim population that recognized the independence that the state of Israel declared in1948. Thereafter, â€Å"after several decades of discreet relations, the Israeli-Arab peace process made public bilateral Israeli-Turkish ties more acceptable to Turks, who are predominantly Muslim and sympathetic to the Palestinians† (Migdalovitz). This initial fruitful level of cooperation among the two countries, however, experienced a downturn only a decade later. In 1991, Turkey sent its first ambassador to Israel since recalling his predecessor during the Suez crisis of 1956. And, in the intervening years, Turkey was represented in Israel by lower level diplomats. Moreover, the two regional neighbors cemented closer ties in part due to their common view of Syria, which at the time supported the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) insurgency in Turkey, with several military agreements and a free trade agreement in 1996.† Thus, the relations between Turkey and Israel blossomed with Israeli arms sales to Turkey, regular military exercises, the exchange of high-level official visits, and booming trade and tourism. Additionally, Israel modernized U.S.-made fighter planes, tanks, and helicopters for Turkey, and Turkey purchased Israeli unmanned aerial vehicles (Migdalovitz). Later on, these measures were accompanied and ... ...elebritychoice/tonybenn.shtml>. Inbar, Efraim. "The Deterioration in Israeli-Turkish Relations and its International Ramifications." 2011. Migdalovitz, Carol. Turkey: Selected Foreign Policy Issues. 28 11 2010. . Paul Rivlin, Yitzhak Gal. Israel’s Trade Relations with Turkey: an update. 1 May 2011. . Shaoul, Jean. Growing tensions between Turkey and Israel. 12 September 2011. . Turkone, Mumtazer. Where are Turkish-Israeli relations heading? 25 September 2011. . Weekly, Turkish. Turkish PM Erdogan to visit Israel, Palestine. April 30 2005. .

How George Psalmanazar Escaped From History :: History Historical Essays

How George Psalmanazar Escaped From History Moravagine is an idiot, but he is also an idiom...a term whose meaning is established by usage, and not deducible from the meanings of its constituent parts. Idioms are the place where language shows signs of wear: those phrases have been said so many times they have fused into a single unit and can no longer be pried apart. -- Paul La Farge, "Idiots!," The Believer 1. In early 1703, a man named George Psalmanazar arrived in London and had a few discreet conversations. Within a year, he had a publishing contract and the ear of the British royal courts; not long after that he was given a post at Oxford. Psalmanazar's book, An Historical and Geographic Description of Formosa, describing the virtually unknown East Asian island society from whence he came, was read throughout Europe, and his beliefs - among them, that false accusations were worse than cannibalism, Jesuits were the ruin of pure societies, and the blood of snakes could keep a man alive for a century - were repeated as ethnographic dogma. In keeping with the traditions of his native land, Psalmanazar ate only raw foods and recorded the Lord's Prayer in an alphabet unknown to Western civilization (Aldington 44). His conversion from pagan heathenism to the Anglican Church fueled a thousand heated theological debates in learned society. Once ingratiated into European literary circles, he use d his unique firsthand knowledge of Formosa to help compile one of the greatest encyclopedias British society had to that point seen (Stagl 186). When at last Psalmanazar passed away in 1763, leaving behind a small estate, a room of empty laudanum bottles, and a request to be buried in a pauper's grave, it seemed that the idiom would never be pried open. The man from another world was modestly interred and there the matter appeared to rest. In 1764 his papers were given a more thorough examination, and the following facts were discovered: - The deceased man's name was not George Psalmanazar. - In almost no way did the actual island of Formosa resemble Psalmanazar's celebrated account of it. - Psalmanazar had, in fact, been born in Europe, and never left it in his lifetime. - The society, language, history, belief system, and culture of Formosa, right down to the calendar, were products of his own invention. The strange case of George Psalmanazar lies somewhere at the uncomfortable intersection of truth and credulity.

Promote equality and inclusion in health, social care or children’s and young people’s settings Essay

1. Explain what is meant by Diversity, Equality and Inclusion Equality Equality is the term for treating people fairly and offering the same chances, it’s not all about treating everyone in the same way, but recognising everyone is different, and they all have very different needs, but making sure they are met. These different needs could be race, age, physical health, mental health, gender, sexual orientation, beliefs and creeds. In the workplace, there are many service users, 13 altogether, and each of them have a variety of needs. Some with dementia, others with epilepsy, a group of down syndrome, people of the age of 20 rights through to 70, people with diabetes. DiversityWhere equality is about recognising differences, diversity is about valuing these differences, for example not to along ago a service user came in on respite, he was of an Islamic background. With this there were certain values that came part and parcel of the religion, these were the consumption of Halal meat, praying five times a day and wearing specific clothing. InclusionInclusion is the term used to define the ability to adapt and place measures so that everyone, no matter what their needs are they can participate. see more:equality and diversity in health and social care Many service users hope and want to lead extremely active lifestyles. So with regards to an activity such as the gym, as part of our responsibility 2. Describe the potential effects of discrimination To see the possible effects of discrimination fully, it’s best to look at how it affects from a holistic perspective. With regards to discrimination affecting physical health, this can be a by product of stress and depression. A lot of physical problems can be stress induced such sleeplessness and from this you can end up with a lack of energy, headaches, ulcers. Depression can affect eating habits, getting into the routine of comfort eating; this then would cause weight problems. For those suffering from severe depression it can lead to self harm. From this you can get a massive lack in confidence in one’s own ability, this can then begin to impede on emotional aspects and mental well being. One can almost feel that they lack a voice or authority, a feeling of people unwilling to listen to them. Inducing low self esteem, insecurity, lack of confidence and sudden changes in behaviour. Social effects can include isolation, lack of friends, withdrawing one’s self from society, unrecognized as an individual, feel like a stranger and inability to build relationships. If being discriminated against, the intellectual effects can be massively restricted; this could be a lack of access to education, leading to poor grades in exams or portfolios, a loss of motivation which can impede a wide variety of skills and a lack of self belief. 3. Explain how inclusive practice promotes equality and supports diversity As my role of activities co-ordinator it is absolutely vital that the service users like you or I have the same opportunities. One activity where the organisation is clearly demonstrating is a club called Gresford Scottish Bowls. This club is unique in the sense that there are only about 3 in the UK. However it is not an exclusively LD group. The club opened its doors to about 5 service users. It is a game intricate skill, now it is very rare, and I have had lots of problems with group allowing service users to join. The service users have taken to it very well, one is a sub-skip of a team, one service user won the singles championship. By allowing them this opportunity it breaks the negative barrier held by mainstream society and in this example by including them they have an equal opportunity, and demonstrate that they are more than capable of holding their own. Another example is getting two service users enrolled into the local college, it is a basic human right that every human is allowed to have an education. Though specific measures need to be taken, such as support staff, assistance with the work, they get that equal opportunity. On a larger scale however, the organisation has just taken a massive step forward. This is to do with the funding for one on one hours. The manager has managed to gain equal one on one hours for every service user. This means that for once in the organisations existence they can provide an equal service, to each individual and the will all have an equal amount of support. This is demonstrates inclusive practice leading to equality, however each set of hours can be different for each service user which embraces diversity.

Computer Can Replace Teacher Essay

There are some innovation and technology enthusiasts who claim that computer-based learning will soon replace teachers. Just take a look at some recent op-eds by Andy Kessler and Richard Galant. They point to the accessibility of information via the Internet and the recent advances in online instruction and adaptive learning as harbingers of teacher obsolescence. These assertions are alarming to those who advocate the importance of teachers, like Diane Ravitch and Wendy Kopp. They point to a strong body of research that affirms the importance of good teachers. So how do we make sense of this war of words and tumult of opinions? To one degree or another, both sides are overlooking important considerations. Those who proclaim that computers will replace teachers often naively reduce teaching to mere instruction and assessment. In doing so, they forget the true breadth and complexity of the job teachers perform. Computers are becoming better at providing customized direct instruction an d at assessing student mastery of foundational knowledge and skills. But good teachers do much more than present information and drill the fundamentals. High-quality teachers guide their students through activities and projects that stretch them to analyze, synthesize, and apply what they have learned across academic subjects and into the real world. They provide personalized, qualitative feedback to help students develop their critical and creative thinking. They create a classroom culture that intrinsically motivates students by honoring their hard work and by making academic achievement socially relevant. Going above and beyond the call of duty, many of the best teachers are driven by a â€Å"whatever-it-takes† attitude to ensure that all their students receive the resources and support needed to put them on a path to success in life. Those human aspects of good instruction are not going to be replaced by machines anytime soon. On the other side of the debate, those who emphasize the importance of traditional teachers often do not notice how unrealistic it is to provide high-quality teachers at scale in the current monolithic model of classroom-based instruction. They overlook the fact that the breadth and complexity of the job of good teaching makes it nearly impossible for most teachers to do all of the critical aspec ts of their job exceptionally well. Teachers are expected to design and execute daily lesson plans for multiple hours of the school day, orchestrate student learning activities, administer and grade student assessments, develop and implement efficient and effective classroom procedures, and differentiate their approaches for diverse student needs, all while managing the daily wild cards of student behavior. Additionally, we expect teachers to maintain close contact with parents, provide students with social and emotional support, perhaps offer after-school tutoring, sponsor student clubs, coach sports, organize school and community events, and shoulder many of our schools’ administrative duties. With all of these jobs crammed onto their plates, few teachers have the time, stamina, or cognitive and emotional capacity to do each job well. Under these circumstances, is it any surprise that so few teachers produce the results that we demand of them? Exceptional teachers are often put on pedestals in the media and in public debate, but these awesome individuals produce a level of work that is rarely sustainable and certainly not scalable. The model of monolithic classroom instruction from the late 1800s just wasn’t designed to allow teachers to meet 21st-century expectations. In fact, traditional classrooms were designed to prepare students for jobs in an industrial economy of the past. To meet this end, the system was set up to process seemingly homogeneous batches of similarly aged students through one-size-fits-all instruction. Undifferentiated instruction was acceptable back then because students only needed to understand math, science, and literature at a C or D level in order to â€Å"pass quality control,† receive their diplomas, and enter the workforce. Teaching might have been a reasonably manageable job back when these assumptions held true, but in the knowledge-based economy of today, the assumptions no longer hold and teaching becomes a heroic job. Despite the incredible challenges we face in providing good teachers at scale, there is a bright light at the end of the tunnel. The educators, in novators, and entrepreneurs that are now experimenting with blended learning are completely redesigning our models of instruction. Rather than merely layering technology on top of traditional classrooms, they are leveraging technology to transform the role of teachers, accelerate student learning, and magnify the impact of educators. Blended learning allows much of the work of basic instruction—like drilling multiplication tables or reviewing vocabulary words—to be offloaded to computers so that teachers can focus on the aspects of teaching that they find most rewarding, such as mentoring students and facilitating exploratory learning projects. Properly implemented blended learning does not eliminate teachers, but instead eliminates some of the job functions that teachers find most onerous. Technology will not improve our education system if we marginalize or eliminate teachers. Likewise, our education system will not meet modern needs at scale until we innovate beyond the factory-model classroom. Innovation may lead us to classroom setups and teacher roles that look very different from today, but a human element will always be an essential part of the equation. By framing the debate as technology vs. teachers, we create a false dichotomy. Instead, our conversations should focus on finding ways to let technology do what it does best so that we can leverage teachers to do what they do

Learning Strategies Essay

Learning strategies determine the approach for achieving the learning objectives and are included in the pre-instructional activities, information presentation, learner activities, testing, and follow-through. The strategies are usually tied to the needs and interests of students to enhance learning and are based on many types of learning styles (Ekwensi, Moranski, &Townsend-Sweet, 2006). Due to the Learning Strategies are used to achieve the â€Å"learning objectives† that teachers want their learners to use when they are acquiring a second language, it is important to be conscious about the factor that influence the choice of learning strategies. What are those factors? There is a range of factors that affect strategy choice, including vocabulary learning strategies. According to Ellis (1994: 540 545) there are two broad categories of such factors: INDIVIDUAL LEARNER DIFFERENCES * AGE: Young children tend to use strategies in task specific manner, whereas older ones use generalized and more sophisticated strategies. * LEARNING STRATEGY: According to Oxford (1989), general approach to language learning determines the choice of L2 learning strategies. For example analytic learners prefer strategies such as contrastive analysis and discerning words and phrases, whereas global students use strategies to find meaning: guessing, scanning, predicting, etc. * PERSONALITY TYPE: Ehrman (1990) suggests that each personality type is associated with ‘assets’ and ‘liabilities’ where language learning is concerned. For example, extroverts are assigned to have willingness to take risks (an asset) but with dependency on external stimulation and interaction (a liability). Another finding mentioned by Erhman was that introverts showed greater use of strategies involving searching for and communicating meaning than did extroverts. * MOTIVATION: Some researches show that â€Å"highly motivated learners used more strategies relating to formal practice, functional practice, general study, and conversation/input elicitation than poorly motivated learners† (Ellis 1994:542). The particular reason for studying the language: motivational orientation, especially as related to career field was also important in the choice of strategies. SITUATIONAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS * GENDER: On the basis of Oxford and Nyikos (1989) and Erhman (1990) research, females reported greater overall strategy use than males in many studies. Although sometimes males surpassed females in the use of a particular strategy. * TYPE OF TASK: The specification of the task may help learners in using particular strategies, but cannot predetermine the actual strategies that will be used. * Learning setting: Students (Ellis 1994) have pointed out a number of differences in the usage of learning strategies in a classroom and in more natural setting. Studies of classroom strategies by Chamot (1988) showed that social and affective strategies were used infrequently by adults, excluding ‘questioning for clarification’. However, Wong-Filmore (1976;1979) reported frequent use of social strategies by young learners in a play situation. CONCLUSION Once we as teachers know the factors that influence in our student’s decisions to choose a specific Learning Strategy, it will be easier to guide them in the correct way to be autonomous, students whom can take charge of their own learning (Nation, 2001:222) and gain independence and self-direction. REFERENCES Ehrman, J. K. (1990). Clinical Exercise Physiology . Unided States of America. Ellis, R. (1994). The Study of Second Language Acquisition. New York: Oxford University Press. Oxford, R. L. (1989). Language Learning Motivation:pathways to the new century. Unided States of America: University of Hawai’i Press. Ekwensi, F. , Moranski, J. , & Townsend-Sweet, M. , (2006). E-Learning Concepts and Techniques. Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania’s Department of Instructional Technology. 5. 1 Instructional Strategies for Online Learning. Retrieved February 26th , 2010: http://iit. bloomu. edu/Spring2006_eBook_files/ebook_spring2006. pdf.

Kant VS Mill

Immanuel Kant was born in April 1724 to a craftsman named Johann George Kant and Anna Regina Porter (Bennagen, 2000). He was trained more in Latin and Religion subjects as compared with science and mathematics consequently forming his concepts and ideas with regards to moral philosophy technically referred to as ‘deontology’ which actually reiterates that an act should only be carried out based on the an individuals’ responsibilities (Bennagen, 2000).John Stuart MillJohn Stuart Mill was born in May 1906 to Harriet Barrow and a well known philosopher, James Mill (Bennagen, 2000). Being exposed to Greek when he was only three years old, Latin when he was eight, he was extremely brilliant, so intelligent that he acquired Greek Literature, Philosophy, Chemistry, Botany, Psychology and law before he turned eighteen years old (Bennagen, 2000).Furthermore, he is accountable for systematically putting together the utilitarian thoughts/concepts/ideas of his father and his father’s friend Jeremy Bentham (Bennagen, 2000). This is where Jeremy Bentham argues and reiterates that actions are correct only if they are inclined to bring into being the utmost happiness for the greatest number of people (Bennagen, 2000). This is simply because advocates of utilitarianism believe that happiness is the main criteria for doing something right or wrong, meaning if something is done and pleasure resulted from it then it is right, however, if pain was brought about from it then surely, it is wrong (Bennagen, 2000).Major Similarities in their Ethical SystemImmanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill’ ethical systems have similarities and these are the following:In act utilitarianism, laws are not taken into consideration as long as the act is said to have brought about happiness to most individuals then it is right (Bennagen, 2000). The same is true with deontology wherein duty is the basis for a right act which means that even if it means breaking the law just as long as the responsibility is fulfilled then the act is definitely right (Bennagen, 2000).  In addition, both cannot always be utilized as a guide to morals (Bennagen, 2000). There are several cases where a decision made based on utilitarianism or deontology fails (Bennagen, 2000).Major Differences in their Ethical SystemThere are differences between the ethical systems of Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill and some of these are the following:In terms of goal, Immanuel Kant’s deontological theory’s goal is to fulfill a certain duty, whereas, John Stuart Mill’s utilitarianism’s goal is to achieve happiness (Bennagen, 2000). This is clearly evident in the definition of the deontological theory which says that individuals ought to stick to their responsibilities in evaluating a moral quandary (Bennagen, 2000). Same is true with the technical definition of utilitarianism where it states that, in an assessment of an ethical issue, the alternative that wil l result in the greatest happiness to the most number of people is the option that is ethically right (Bennagen, 2000).Also, rule utilitarianism considers the law and fairness in finally making an act which is said to be right (Bennagen, 2000). Here, an individual who is about to make an act seriously thinks about making the most number of individuals experience pleasure through fair and just means (Bennagen, 2000). Furthermore, it gives importance to justice, as well as, beneficence (Bennagen, 2000). By justice here, we mean, that everyone involved in the situation are treated fairly, on the other hand, by beneficence, we mean, doing what is good, in opposition to what is evil (Bennagen, 2000). The aforementioned defies deontology in such a way that it does not involve justice and beneficence in it, rather it only focuses on fulfilling the ‘duty’, whether or not it is fair or just to everybody involved (Bennagen, 2000).Major Criticisms for Kant’s TheoryThere are also criticisms for Kant’s Theory and some of these are the following:First of all, since deontology is all about sticking to responsibilities, its rationale or logic is being questioned for it (Bennagen, 2000). For instance, how will individual duties would be defined (Bennagen, 2000)? If for example, if personally I consider my family as my first priority every time and it so happened that I am being called by my supervisor for an urgent or emergency meeting, would it be considered not doing my duty if I go to this emergency meeting that my supervisor has ordered (Bennagen, 2000). Another example is the fact that, citizens have to maintain a certain driving speed, however, an individual is running late for a qualifying exam in medicine, which is a make or break exam for him, would it be considered as not doing his duty if he went a little speedy just to make it to his exam, which is a personal duty for him in the first place. Very clearly, through the aforementioned exampl es, there are no limits or boundaries to this so called duty making it critical, even questionable, as an ethical theory (Bennagen, 2000).Secondly, obviously it is not extremely useful or helpful in making decisions since it is not applicable in all situations, as seen in the examples above (Bennagen, 2000).Last but not least, it is also being criticized because of its self-centeredness simply because it does not really consider the well-being of others (Bennagen, 2000). Going back to the aforementioned examples, it shows that deontology tends to take a certain side wherein the other side not chosen is left unprotected in terms of its welfare (Bennagen, 2000).Major Criticisms for Mills’ TheoryThe criticisms for utilitarianism include the following:First of all, in making a decision using the utilitarianism, it does not always achieve its goal of the experience of the utmost number of people of the greatest pleasure (Bennagen, 2000). If the head of the family decide to unleash his dog in his yard at night to make sure that no one will jump over his fence and to make sure untoward incidences in his home are avoided which may consequently hurt his family, but unfortunately the dog got out of his yard and went over the neighbor’s yard and destroyed the flowers in the garden (Bennagen, 2000)? This means that instead of his family being happy being they were well guarded, other people were terribly disappointed, disturbed, and definitely did not experience happiness as should be the outcome of utilizing utilitarianism as a technique in making ethical decisions (Bennagen, 2000).Secondly, many people criticize utilitarianism for its inadequacy of common sense (Bennagen, 2000). For example, would you give up the one you really love just because your best friend loves him too and for the reason that your family does not like him for you (Bennagen, 2000)? Your best friend will turn out happy and so will your family which complies with the technical definiti on of utilitarianism involving utmost happiness experienced by the greatest number of individuals (Bennagen, 2000). The questions however are ‘what about you’, ‘where is the common sense in that’, and ‘is selflessness common sense’ (Bennagen, 2000)?Thirdly, happiness is undefined here in utilitarianism (Bennagen, 2000). For example, a customer service representative at a certain company has been reported to be sleeping on the job (Bennagen, 2000). Utilizing utilitarianism, the act has been carried out: 1) to correct the mistake of the customer service representative; 2) to serve better more consumers; and 3) to improve the company’s services and be appreciated by more clients (Bennagen, 2000). This may result in happiness for the consumers and the management; however typically, this will not bring in pleasure to the customer service representative being complained about (Bennagen, 2006). This only proves that an act may not always bring in happiness through the use of utilitarianism in carrying out an act (Bennagen, 2000).Last but not least, utilitarianism is being questioned because it violates human rights (Bennagen, 2000). For example, if a Bill is submitted by a minority group leader to be passed as a Law, and will not qualify as a Law simply because majority did not vote for it, then this may jeopardize the rights and happiness of the so called minority groups (Bennagen, 2000). This then may also be justified as an act which is right since happiness is being experienced by the most number of individuals though several people are suffering as well (Bennagen, 2000).ReferenceBennagen, P. (2000). Social Economic and Political Thought. Quezon City: UPOU

Geography Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Geography - Assignment Example The country I have chosen to discus is Estonia which is officially called the Republic of Estonia. Gulf of Finland borders it on the north, Baltic Sea lies on the west; it shares a border with Latvia on the south and to the east lies the Russian Federation. One of the primary centripetal forces acting on Estonia is the Estonian Language, which is very closely linked with Finnish and thus Estonians are Finnic people. Another centripetal force that acts on Estonia is Music; the Estonians have a tradition of â€Å"Estonian Song Festivals which emerged during that Estonian National Awakening in 1969. Presently, it is one of the largest amateur choral events world-over, and generally a choir comprises of about 18,000 people. Centripetal force acting on Estonia is the Estonian Constitution which guarantees absolute religious freedom, clear distinction between state and religion, the individual privacy in religious practices and affiliations. This leads for Estonia to have one of the highe st levels of irreligious individuals, the highest percentage is of religious followers is that of is Evangelical Lutheranism which has only 14.8% followers in the Estonian population. Estonia also possesses a very well-built information technology sector, it is also measured as the most â€Å"wired† and advanced country in the entire Europe in light of e-Government of Estonia. Estonia is expected to receive 3.4 billion Euros in the next few years which will be invested in the energy sector, economic and local development and welfare activities. The cultural indicators of language and music will also continue to bind the Estonian people, so I predict that these initiatives will boost the Estonian economy I the next ten years. The centrifugal forces acting on Estonia are in terms if their main industry and the impact they are having on the environment. Environmentally conscious individuals as well as the Estonian Government are very

Wind and Solar Energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Wind and Solar Energy - Essay Example Hence, they both need a storage mechanism to store the excess power obtained when the wind and the sun are available. Usually, the storage mechanism is a battery system, like the lithium-ion batteries. Nevertheless, differences exist between these two energy sources. Availability of the two power sources brings about a difference between them. The difference is that, solar power is only available during the day. On the other hand, wind power can be available throughout the day for as long as he wind is blowing. The methods of obtaining the two also differs in that; wind power is obtained mechanically with the aid of turbines while solar power is obtained through solar panels that convert sunlight to electricity. The differences and similarities given show that, renewable energy is feasible and it can be used to build green economies worldwide. It provides man with diverse means to obtain energy. The two renewable energy sources complement each other and can be used to provide energy in diverse weather

The significance of British Board of Film Classification in British Essay

The significance of British Board of Film Classification in British Film Industry - Essay Example From a social perspective, such contents are considered as inappropriate to some segments of the prospective audience, especially children. Thus, it becomes necessary to classify movies into certain categories so that the audience can be guided as to which movie is suitable for viewing by a specific group of individuals. In this context, it is relevant that viewing of inappropriate content, especially scenes depicting graphic sex or violence, frightening images and coarse language etc can negatively impact children who are in the developmental stage. Young children as well as teenagers also have a tendency to try or imitate what they view on the movie or TV screens. Besides, they also lack the maturity and intellectual as well as psychological faculties to take informed decisions about what is proper or distinguish the real from what they view on the screen. Therefore, from a sociological perspective, it becomes the responsibility of not only the parents but also the society and gove rnments to ensure that art forms do not expose children and teenagers to inappropriate content. Thus, movie rating or classification has come into practice, with a view to â€Å"help parents to protect children and teenagers from inappropriate contents† (Rating the Movies 2010). ... Therefore, a general need was felt to implement a standard procedure for classifying the movies being produced in Britain, through a single regulatory authority. Thus, the film industry of Britain instituted the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) in 1912, as an â€Å"independent, self financing not for profit media content regulator† (Mission Statement 2011), with a view to make them act as a trustworthy guide for the public in advising them about the suitability of the content for specific segments. This organisation has â€Å"exercised responsibilities over cinema† classification for about 100 years and for videos for about 27 years from 1985, pursuant to the Video Recording Act 1984, passed by the parliament (Student’s British Board of Film 2005, p. 1). According to their mission statement, they seek to function as a labelling service provider, for media content, whose main objectives are as under: - a) Prevent the public especially children, from exp osure to â€Å"content which might raise harm risks† (Mission Statement 2011). b) Help the public in general, and parents in particular to â€Å"make informed viewing choices† (Mission Statement 2011). c) To ensure that â€Å"adult freedom of choice† (Mission Statement 2011) is honoured while adhering to relevant laws on the subject. d) Take into the consideration the changes occurring in â€Å"social attitudes towards media content and respond to them through consultation with the public as well as appropriate research† (Mission Statement 2011). e) Working within statutory constraints to facilitate a â€Å"cost effective, efficient classification service† (Mission Statement 2011). f) Maintain a close rapport with the film

Environmental Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Environmental Health - Essay Example The venom that gets passed at the time of the bite is the primary reason that causes the disease and subsequently the venom is transmitted into the blood vessels of the patients bringing about maximum detrimental effects. However, with proper treatment an individual can survive the nastiest of the dog bites along with the killer disease i.e. rabies (Willoughby et al. 2508-2514). According to Knobel et al., near about 99% of all individual deaths as a result of rabies occur in the developing nations and even though useful and reasonable control measures are offered, rabies remains a deserted infection throughout most of the developing nations (360-388). A major aspect in the low rate of rabies control is the deficiency in the availability of accurate data in terms of community health impact of the disease. It is widely accepted that the amount of casualties formally reported greatly undervalues the true occurrence of the disease. Patients may not be present for medical treatments of t he clinically acclaimed fatal disease in time wherein only a few cases obtain laboratory affirmation and moreover clinical cases are regularly not reported by the concerned hospital and medical authorities (Knobel et al. 360-388). According to Wells, an extension of protest against rabies—which has been over shadowed in northern Malaya since a very long time—finally occurred in Kuala Lumpur in the year 1952 (731-42). The outbreak was covered up by the necessary mass immunization of dogs, enactment of tough legislations and severe destruction of stray dogs. Similar measures were being engaged in the recent operations with an aim to eradicate the disease completely. From regular annual incidences... The research paper â€Å"Environmental Health† evaluates that three diseases (i.e. Rabies, Avian flu and West Nile Virus) are considered mortal diseases that are responsible for significant occurrences of deaths of human beings in various countries. According to Willoughby et al., rabies in persons is a mortal disease characterized by harsh encephalopathy and widespread paresis. The primary reason for rabies to occur amid individuals is dog bites. Along with this, bite from a dog can deliver excruciating pain that may result in extensive bleeding and may cause death as well if it is not treated appropriately in time. It is a very severe disease and can lead to circumstances in which a victim may suffer from numerous health-related problems such as abnormal vomiting, headache and weakness. These types of physical disorders can lead to extreme downfall in physical along with mental conditions and can have drastic effects that may deteriorate the health in the long-term. Accordin g to the observation of Nerlich and Halliday, a new 21st century virus that might lead to a fresh disease began in the year 1997 when an ailment called ‘bird ï ¬â€šu’ broke out in Hong Kong and killed human beings by way of infection. This was a new twist in avian ï ¬â€šu, the highly infectious disease. According to reports, a total of eighteen people were infected and around six people died from the outbreak of the disease in Hong Kong. The major reason was close contact with chicken. It is a virus for which human beings do not possess any immunity.

Regulatory Measures Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Regulatory Measures - Research Paper Example Regulatory measures are guidelines set to control irregularities in organizations for the efficiency in their operations. The regulatory measures in the corporate world are meant to implement the ethical conduct in organizations. First is the Federal Sentencing Guidelines for organizations which involves an effective compliance program. The main objectives of the FSGO are to work aggressively to deter unethical acts, self-monitor, and police, and punish those members of organizations who engage in unethical behavior. There are four considerations made in sentencing of organizations. One is that the court orders the organization to remedy any harm caused by the offense. The second is that in the instance the organization operated primarily for the criminal purpose, fines can be high to divest all the firm assets. The third consideration is that fines levied against the organization are based on the seriousness of the offense and organization culpability. The fourth involves probation for an organization defendant to ensure there is reduced future criminal conduct.The FSGO has tried more than 280 cases. It is evident that the most frequent offenses include antitrust offenses, tax violation, fraud and environmental. Since the implementation of FSGO, 91 percent of organizations have pleaded guilty of various offenses. Statistics shows that 65 percent were placed on probation. The probation may be costly to the firms as consultants may be required by the court to improve monitoring activities.

To what extent do markets pose a threat to democracy Essay

To what extent do markets pose a threat to democracy - Essay Example While accepting that both the state and market perform indispensable functions in a dynamic society, social market strategies seek to expand and create new social sectors that belong to neither the competitive market nor the regulative state systems. Producer cooperatives take labor out f the market by removing corporate shares from the stock market and maintaining local worker ownership; community land trusts take land out f the market and place it under local democratic controls to serve the economic or cultural needs f communities; community finance corporations take democratic control over capital to finance cooperative firms, make investments in areas f social need, and fight the redlining policies f conventional banks. (Bruyn 1-7) To struggle for economic democracy is not to presume that social market strategies would work on a large scale if they were imposed next year on a political culture unprepared for them. The social vision f economic democracy can only take shape over t he course f several decades, as hard-won social gains and the cultivation f cooperative habits and knowledge build the groundwork for a better society. Such a project does not call for large-scale investments in any particular economic model; it does not rest upon illusions about human nature; it does not envision a transformed humanity. Niebuhr's epigrammatic justification f democracy will suffice for economic democracy: The human capacity for justice makes democracy possible, but the human inclination to injustice makes democracy necessary. Niebuhr did not deny that the human capacity for fairness is often moved by genuine feelings f compassion and solidarity, but to him it was evident that all such feelings are mixed in human nature with more selfish motives. The crucial point was that democracy is necessary precisely because virtually everyone is selfish. Because human beings are so easily corrupted by the attainment f power, Niebuhr argued, democracy is necessary as a restraint on greed and the human proclivity to dominate others. By the time he wrote the book that elaborated this argument, Niebuhr was no longer inclined to press the argument as a case for economic democracy. The Children f Light and the Children f Darkness was written in 1944, several years after Niebuhr gave up on Marxism and only a few years before he formally rejected Christian socialism. During these few years, when he tentatively held out for a socialism stripped f its Marxist illusions, he did not explore the possibilities f a politics that democratized and decentralized economic power. For Niebuhr, socialism meant economic nationalization, state economic planning, and production for use. To him, there were only three serious possibilities: free market capitalism, state socialism, and New Deal liberalism. Throughout the 1930s, while America's welfare state was being constructed, Niebuhr ridiculed and denounced it with unqualified contempt. A decade later, having renounced his Marxism, he made his peace with Roosevelt's liberal reformism and

Barn Burning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Barn Burning - Essay Example Even though the story itself is not set in the Depression Era, but somewhere at the end of 19th century, the same themes of family heritage, maturation, and inequality are present in the story as they were at the time that Faulkner wrote this story. Faulkner's ability to impart his "strongly topographical imagination"(Miller 211) adds color and zest to this story, which can be taken at face value with some implicit tones contributing to the dilemmas of Sarty. The story, in a fairly solid Faulknerian manner, is centered on the conflict a young boy, Sarty Snopes, experiences, in relation to being faithful to his father versus behaving in the right manner ethically. From the beginning, we can see the extreme anguish of young Sarty, who once again has to lie to protect his father, feeling "fear and despair and the old grief of blood" (Faulkner 350). Sarty has no choice; he was born into this family, and inherited with it "the old fierce pull of blood" (Faulkner 348). His father is described as a man with "wolf like independence and even courage when the advantage was at least neutral which impressed strangers, as if they got from his latent ravening ferocity not so much a sense of dependability as a feeling that his ferocious conviction in the rightness of his own actions would be of advantage to all whose interest lay with his" (Faulkner 350).

History of Clubs Playing Foreign League Cups Essay

History of Clubs Playing Foreign League Cups - Essay Example Cardiff, one of the main welsh clubs have been in the FA Cup competitions all through. The most remarkable period for the club was in 1920s when they ended up as runners to Hunder field Town FC during the 1924 football league first division on goal differences. This was followed by two FA Cup finals in the year 1925 where they took on Sheffield United. The team's spirit for competing in the English FA Cup did not end there, in 1927, Cardiff took on Arsenal at the final and went on to emerge the winner of the cup. It become the first and only team ever to snatch the FA Cup out of England after the 1-0 win over finalists and English footfall giants Arsenal. The match had also caused much enthusiasm since it was the first game that BBC radio had ever broadcasted to the whole country. This win gave Cardiff much psyche to keep on participating in the FA Cup after other teams had withdrawn. Swansea City and Cardiff city are the only Welsh clubs that have participated at the high level of the English soccer. They both took part in the Country's FA Cup and Division One. During the 1914-1915 season competitions of Southern League, Cardiff finished in the third position. The league was however suspended following the out burst of the world War One. The club also finished fourth in their last season in the Southern League on some hostilities cessation, before it was promoted to football league second division as the most competitive club in Wales. The other southern league clubs later on formed the football league third division. Wrexham, another welsh club that has been in the English side, started their journey to join the English competitions back in 1905 when they beat Kidderminster Harrier and finished sixth in the Birmingham District league. It was... The researcher discusses the issue when some Welsh teams to take part in the English FA Cup. It is stated that during its creation the English league was named the football league. This was because it was meant to allow football teams from other countries in the United Kingdom to take part in the FA cup competitions. The teams started to take part in the FA cup after EUFA allowed clubs to play in the other countries league in early1900. Although the clubs were allowed to play in the English league they could not participate in the European Cup since any team must get the ticket to the league through its domestic league. This decision has hindered the teams from taking part in the European league for that time thus most of them withdrew from the English FA cup competitions and started to play the Welsh League instead for a chance to venture in the European cup. The FA Cup is one of the most competitive in England attracting teams in all levels including the English football super powe rs who have been taking part in all major competitions in the continent. The Welsh clubs, if therefore would win the FA cup in the country would have climbed to high level in the world of football thus get better chance to market themselves as well as the players. A winner of the FA cup meets the premiership champion in the community shield and also gets a direct entry into the European cup competitions. It is concluded that this provides the clubs the best chance to climb to lime light in football competition.